Evaluating Gender Disparity in Mining Employment and Social Cohesion: Pathways to Community Development in Shamva District, Zimbabwe

Abstract

This study evaluates the relationship between gender disparity in mining employment, social 
cohesion, and community development in Shamva District, Zimbabwe. Despite the economic 
benefits generated by foreign direct investment in the gold mining sector, women continue to face 
systemic barriers such as cultural stereotypes, limited access to training, and workplace 
discrimination. Using a qualitative case study design, data were collected through semi-structured 
interviews with community members, mining employees, and local leaders, selected via purposive 
sampling. Thematic analysis was employed to identify recurring patterns and perspectives. 
Findings reveal that gender inequality in mining employment restricts women’s economic 
participation, exacerbates household poverty, and undermines community well-being. Disparities 
in access to jobs and decision-making roles weaken trust, cooperation, and solidarity, thereby 
eroding social cohesion. While foreign direct investment has stimulated local economic activity, 
it has not adequately addressed entrenched gender barriers. The study concludes that inclusive 
employment policies, gender-sensitive training programs, and community engagement initiatives 
are essential for promoting equitable opportunities. By linking gender equality to sustainable 
development and social cohesion, the research provides actionable insights for policymakers, 
mining firms, and development practitioners seeking to foster inclusive growth in resource
dependent regions.